Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) You have probably heard of IBS, but do you know what it really is? Irritable bowel syndrome, or IBS, is when you experience symptoms that affect your digestive system without causing damage to the intestines. It is common, occurring in about 12% of Americans. IBS can often be treated with dietary changes and other healthy lifestyle habits. If your symptoms are well-managed, you can serve in the military with IBS. What is IBS? IBS is classified as a functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder. This means there is a disconnect between your brain and gut that causes problems. Your GI tract may become more sensitive, which can cause stomach pain. IBS can also change how the muscles in your intestines function, resulting in abnormal bowel movements. Symptoms of IBS Abdominal pain or cramping Bloating and gas Constipation Diarrhea Feeling like a bowel movement is unfinished White mucus in your stool These issues can occur often or come in waves called flare-ups. Symptoms may be caused or worsened by triggers. Common triggers include experiencing stress, eating certain foods and being on your period. Consider working with a dietitian for help identifying your food-related triggers. What Causes IBS? Though there is no clear cause of IBS, several things may increase your risk of developing the condition. IBS is most commonly diagnosed among those under the age of 50, and women are twice as likely to have it. Having certain food intolerances or sensitivities, abnormal gut bacteria or a bacterial infection of the intestines (gastroenteritis) may increase your likelihood of diagnosis. Genetics, stressful events in childhood and certain mental health disorders are also associated with IBS. How is IBS Treated? Adapting Your Food Choices If you have IBS, you may want to work with a registered dietitian to establish an eating plan. They can help you make dietary adjustments that reduce symptoms while still getting the nutrients you need. Common recommendations include: Eating more fiber Avoiding gluten Limiting dairy products Limiting foods that make you gassy (e.g., carbonated soda) Drinking plenty of water Practicing Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors In addition to eating the right foods, regular exercise may help control IBS symptoms. At least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity are recommended each week. However, any movement is better than none! Small increases in your activity level can make a difference to your health.Proper stress management is also recommended for those with IBS. Try to limit stressful situations when possible and consider using relaxation techniques like yoga to de-stress. Getting enough good-quality sleep can help regulate stress levels too. Aim for 7-9 hours of sleep every 24 hours. Medication and Therapy Medications may be prescribed to relieve IBS symptoms. A variety of medicines are used for treatment, including antidiarrheal medications, laxatives, smooth muscle relaxants, antibiotics and antidepressants. Probiotics are also sometimes recommended.Mental health therapy is another treatment option for people with IBS. Cognitive behavioral therapy and hypnotherapy may help improve symptoms, especially for those who experience anxiety, depression and increased stress. The low FODMAP diet is another consideration for those with IBS. It aims to reduce the types of carbohydrates that are hard for the body to digest, referred to as FODMAPs. Often, restricting or removing these foods can improve symptoms. Consult with your health care provider before making any shifts in your eating plan. ReferencesCleveland Clinic - “Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS).”Department of Defense. - “DoD Instruction 6130.03, Volume 1: Medical Standards for Military Service: Appointment, Enlistment, or Induction, page 25.”Johns Hopkins Medicine - “Irritable Bowel Syndrome Treatment”National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases - “Irritable Bowel Syndrome”
